Biological Weapons There are five microbial agents that experts agree might be used as biological weapons. For a more complete description of each, appropriate to public health, click on the name of the disease.
Mode of Spread as weapon Contagious Incubation period Symptoms Vaccine Treatment ANTHRAX Aerosol No Within 7 days Fever, malaise, fatigue, occasional cough and chest discomfort evolving into severe respiratory distress Yes, but not for the public. Used only by the military Antibiotics, if administered prior to symptom onset Expert opinion: "It is deadly.  It's one of a few pathogens that forms spores that are hardy and resistant to environmental stresses." - Ramond Zillnskas, Senior scientist at the Monterey Institute of International studies. SMALLPOX Aerosol Yes; last diagnosed case occurred in Somalia in 1977 Averages 12-14 days Acute onset of fever, headache, abdominal pain and severe muscle aches; rash later appears, scabs over and forms pits and scars. Yes, exists in laboratories but not used anywhere in the world No treatment for virus. Hospital care and antibiotics for secondary infection Expert opinion: "It has the potential to spread uncontrollably around the world.  It's hard to believe a nation would supply such a virus to a terrorist." - Ramond Zillnskas BOTULISM Aerosol, sabotage of food supply or water supply No 12 to 72 hours Double or blurred vision, speech, difficulty swallowing, dry mouth and associated sore throat, muscle weakness; may progress to paralysis of the arms, trunks and legs. Yes, but not for the public. Used for lab workers and the military Ventilator to aid breathing; antitoxins can halt disease progress and shorten symptoms Expert opinion: "To weaponize it, for a mass effect, is not easy to do." - Frank Cillufo, terrorism expert at the Center for Strategic & International Studies, Washington, DC TULAREMIA Aerosol No 1 to 14 days Weight loss, fever, chills, fatugue, chest discomfort, dry cougth; swollen lymph nodes Yes, but not for the public. Used for lab workers  Antibiotics  Expert opinion: "It is very infectious... The organism is very small and it can stay in the air for a very long time." - Lee Borenstein, microbiologist in Los Angeles County Public Health Laboratory molecular epidemiology department PNEUMONIC PLAGUE Aerosol Yes 1 to 6 days High fever, chills, headache, cough with bloody sputum, severe pneumonia and sepsis No known effective vaccine  Antibiotics may help if administered early Expert opinion: "The agents that concern me are the ones that can spread from person to person.  Pneumonic plague is a major risk for spreading, by spittle or a cough." - Lee Borenstein Chart taken from http://www.ph.ucla.edu/EPI/bioter/microbialweapons.html
Protection During a Nuclear, Biological, or Chemical emergency all reliable sources say to find a room with as few doors and windows as possible.  This room should be already stocked with emergency supplies such as water, food, batteries, flashlights, bedding, emergency radios, and plastic sheeting and duct tape for sealing the windows and doors.  If it is a Nuclear or radiological emergency, the room should be low in the building.  If it is Chemical emergency, they say the higher the room in the building the better.  Our N.B.C. Fallout Shelter's will protect you and your loved ones from all Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical emergencies, in one place, at a moment’s notice.  Not to mention that the shelter offers further protection as a storm shelter or safe room.  Our NBC Fallout Shelters = Peace of Mind. For more information on NBC Emergencies please visit: http://emergency.cdc.gov/ http://www.fas.org/index.html http://www.cdi.org

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